Well, I’m no scientist, but I could have told you that without having to embark on any years-long study. Anyone who is even remotely familiar with how cattle graze and where toads live knows that cattle don’t graze in marshy water areas and toads don’t forage in dry meadows. Duh.
But, to make it official, a UC forest study has found that excluding cattle doesn’t help toad population.

Shell has announced a lead-free replacement for the 110LL that is currently used by most general aviation piston aircraft. From the AOPA website:
The USDA has posted an article about the Watershed Assessment Model that’s being used at Yosemite National Park:
When it came to giving advice to writers, Kurt Vonnegut had some great stuff. He famously warned people away from the use of semicolons by describing them “transvestite hermaphrodites representing absolutely nothing.”
Firefighters in the Los Padres National Forest are launching a series of prescribed burns over the next several months to get rid of brush on the Mount Pinos Ranger District.